- A burn injury can be caused by friction, electricity, and heat. A burn injury can vary greatly regarding the type of tissue that is affected by the burn injury, how severe the burn injury is, and the medical complications that result from a burn injury. Burn injuries can cause damage other than to the skin itself. A burn injury can affect the burn victim’s muscles, blood vessels, bones and physical appearance. A burn injury can cause great pain due to damage to the nerve endings. (See personal injury).